Laminitis

Laminitis is a disturbance of the tissue that produces hoof horn. In dairy cows the subclinical form is the usual one, showing weeks later as sole haemorrhages, yellow waxy horn, white line disease and sole ulcers.

Rumen acidosis is one contributor. Long standing times on concrete, poor stall comfort and the changes around calving are others, and in practice the causes act together.

Written for the 2026 edition of the library.